Turbine



' June 5, 1928. 7 1,671,967

1 F. D. BUTLER I TURBINE Filed Nov. 26, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l wuivmo re M June 5, 1928.

F. D. BUTLER TURBINE Filed Nov. 26, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Hill l VENTOR uuJ L face of Patented June 5, 1928;

UNITED IYS'TVA FRANK nAviDlB rL ia, es-mom, w AsnmeroN, 5 1, y

TURBINE.

Application filed Novemoer26, 1927. Serial 110,235,919.

My invention relates to improvements in steam turbines and consists in the'construc- T combination and arrangement of parts tion, herein-described and then sought to be defined in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof: and which show, merely for the purpose of illustrative dis closure, apreferred embodiment of my invention, it being understood that various changes may be made in practice, within the scope of the'claims, without digressing from i shaft, 8 which extends through the; stufiing boxes 9 of'the upper and lower halves of an efficient, compactpbalanced, peripheral 1 turbine;

' my inventive idea.

The object of my invention is to produce flow, pressure velocity compounded With reference to'the drawings, similar numerals represent and indicate similar parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a lon gitudinal section of, a turbine embodiment Which has rotor andstator buckets and is pressure velocity com-pounded according to my invention, appear on thedot te'd line 1 -'1 of Figure 6; Figure'2 one .of the nozzle and reversing chamber stator sectors, illustratingthe low- I tion relation between the high and low pressure nozzles and the. high and lowpressure reversing buckets; .Figure' 3. is an enlarged, d

1 dispose said buckets from said face gradually inof a portion of the periphery of plan view the rotor, llustrating the location} relation between the high and low pressure rows of rotor buckets; Figure. tis an enlarged detail sectional-view of. one of. the nozzle and reversing chambersectors and a broken. therotor, illustrating the away portion of location relation of the former to the ,lat-

ter; Figure .5'is an enlarged detailsectional' view of the-turbine partsillustrated in Figure 4 and as would appear on the "dotted line 2-2 of that'figure; and, Figure 6 is a partial end elevation and a broken away 1 and transverse section of the turbine emarid is pinched and held secure between bodiment illustrated inFigure 1,,whichhas' rows of U shaped high. and low pressure rotor and reversing buckets and is pressure shapedhigh pressure reversing buckets 12 of bucket rim ring 2, a follower ring3 and the g The rim" follower ring securing bolts 4; ring 2 is adapted to fit within the circular recess 50f the rotor 1 and followerring 3,

the section being, as would.

is an enlarged :plan viewof 11118;,1

supply manifold the former and latter 'when the bolts 4 are drawn up tight. The periphery. of

buckets ordefleoting-surfaces. 6, likewise the periphery of therotor 1 and its follower r ng 3 are provided with aseries of tangentially disposed low pressure U-shaped buckets or deflecting surfaces -7, the smaller or high pressure bucketsffi being located in the center of the larger or low pressure buckets/7. The rotor 1 is secured to the the turbine casing 10.

7 "Figure 2 illustrates a plan view of the face "of one of the I nozzle and reversing chamber stator sectors 11 which are further ,illustratedinIFigures1, 4, fraud 6 in their relation to therotor 1. The stator sectors 11' are preferably bronze castings provided with the progressive sizes of U-shaped high pressure reversing buckets 12, the low pressure reversingbuckets 13 andthe low pressure nozzlesl l cored in place'during the moulding. The face of each statorsector is .machined to a radius a trifle larger than the radius of therotor, the U-shaped buckets 12 and;13,.the-low-pressure nozzle Hand the high pressure nozzle 15 are tangentially in this'curved face, theangle of p In the-operation of invention steam is.

admitted to the'chambers 16 and high pressure nozzles-15 of the stator sectors 11 from the steam supply connection 17 via the steam 18 and I nozzle control valves 19jand is. directed by-the annular juxtaplaced diverginghigh pressure nozzles 15 .to

theiseries of U-shaped high pressure buckets 6 in the rotor 1. This initial jet of steam is deflected by and discharged, at a reduced velocity, from the U-shaped high pressure buckets 6 of the rotor into the smallest U- the stator sectors 11. The steam entering the smallest buckets 12 of the stators 11-, at a reduced velocity, is' accelerated due to the fact that these buckets have'a largervolume than the buckets 6 of the rotor and to the slight reduction in the steam pressure as it leaves thesmaller and enters the larger buckets, The. s eam pas g I t ugh the smallest buckets 1-2 of the stators -11 isdeflected and redirected in the bucketssand reenters the buckets 6 of the rotor thereby imparting a portion of the force of its velocity to said rotor and'again sufi'eringa reduction in velocity and as it is deflected and i'edirected in the buckets 6 of the rotor it enters the second smallest ireversingbuckets12 of the stator sectors 11 and is again accelerated in velocity. *This process otvelo'c'ity compounding continuing as the steam passes to and from'the series (ii high pressure reversing buckets 12 of the stators 11 andithe series of high ')'ressure"-rotor buckets 6 until it enters the low pressure nozzles 'lt vvherein it'is deflected a'nd redirected into the low pressure buckets 7 of the rotor-1' thereby being compounded in pressure.

*The steamas it travels through the low pressure buckets T of therotor l and the low pressure reversing buckets 13 of the stator sectors =1l. continues to velocitycompound similar to the manner in which it passed through the high pressure stage :until 'it finally travels {in a spiral '"flow beyond the "largest low pressure "reversingbuckets l3 then via the exhaust space'or con'ipartment -20and exhaust connection 21 of the turbine to the atmosphere or the condensing'plant.

Theribs or partitions '22 oithe low pressure reversing buckets'13- ofthe stator sectors cause a certain amount "of the second stage or reduced pressure steam to 1 velocity .compound within the high pressure rotor buc'ketsG. a p

The high pressure rotor bucl ets 6'-:are milled at a smaller angle. to the periphery'of the rotor than" the low pressure buckets 7,,

this being for the purpose of absorbing as 'mu'ch of the velocity'of'the steam as possible prior to "its exhausting :firomQ the turbine rotor.

"All rotor and" reversing buckets are of 'less capacity at their centers than at' their ends, i this being for the purpose of preventing the steam from eddy'ing as it passes through the centers of the buckets andis compressed due to its abrupt deflection.

The flat surfaces 23 around the high pressure nozzles 15' are' for the purpose of preventing excessive steam leakage through the radial clearance spaces 24. p

The holes for the securing bolts 25- and'26 of the stator sectors 11 are elongated to: al-

low for adjusting stators. s

i Having thus described my invention,\vhat' Iclaim' as new and desire to secure by Letfters Patent is 1. In: a turbinega built up type'ofrotor {the radial clearances of-the consisting of a main body. portion secured to extending around its periphery and adapted P the rotor shaft and having a 'qua'rter circular rim extending around its periphery, a ,follower ring having a quart'er circular rlm to be secured to. the said bodyportion of said rotor, axsemi-circular recess extending around the peripheries of the 7 quarter circular rims of said main 'body portion and said follower ring at their intervSGCtlOIl, a semi-circular rim ring adapted to fit in said recess and to be secured between the quarter circular rims of said main body '2. In I a tui bine, a stator "her having communication With-said flanged portion and thesteam supplythereto', a quad rant shaped portion having .aifaceiifitting close to the periphery of thetuhbine rotor,

an annular diverging high pressure steam nozzle extending atvantangleubetween said annular chamber and the face of said -quadrant shaped portion, a series 'of- U-shaped, tangentially "disposed, gradually increasing sizes olihighf pressure reversing buckets lo-' cated 'on'the center: line of the iaceof'said 5 quadrant "shaped portion, the smallestotsaid buckets adjoining the large end ofsaidhigh -pressure 'Enozzle, a Wide "smooth surface eX- tending from "the edges of said high pressure reversmg buckets to the edges of therot-or "face and a 'short'distance: from theheelof said lnghpressure nozzle,ua series of.;U-

creasi-ng sizes of low tjpressurexreversing l auckets'located on the center line of theuface "shaped, tangentially 1 disposed, I lo vv;pressure -nozzle located to :onesi'de :oiithe centerline infthe :lace ofsaid quadrantshaped portion andibetiveen the-largest otisaid U-"shaped high pressure land the-smallest of2.:sa id:-U-

shaped'low:pressure reversing buckets.-

3. In: a turbinepthe combination of amtor, a follower ring-secured to and ziorming a part of said rotory-a semi-circularrim ring fitting and secure-d in'a recess lIlstllG I peripheries errand-between: said .rotorland said iolloivser ring, a series oiiU-shaped high pressure buckets tangentially disposed xin'the periphery of said rim ring,a series of U shaped low pressure buckets vtangentially r d-isposediin the peripheries of saidrotor and said folloiver'ring and: extending beneath :said 'rim' ring, a quadrant 1 shaped stator conformingwand being located; adjacent: to the periphery ofsaid rotor and having tangenti ally; disposed in :the. faceithereof; aidi- U-shaped tangentially disposed high pres- I consisting =oili'ra I flanged portionadapted to: be borltedgtothc steam supply connection, an annular 011M114 shaped;tangentially disposed, gradually .i'n-

eral course and to be pressure velocity compounded during its expansion.

4. In a turbine, a rotor having a series of U-shaped high pressure buckets tangentially disposed in the center line of the periphery thereof and a series of U-shaped low pressure buckets tangentially disposed in and being open at either end to the periphery thereof adjacent to the ends of said high pressure buckets, said low pressure buckets 'circumscribing the outer partition Walls of said high pressure buckets, the sectional area of the said low pressure buckets being less at their centers than at their ends, this being for the purpose of preventing the steam from eddying as it passes through said centers of said low pressurebuckets and is compressed due to its abrupt deflection.

5. In a turbine, the combination of a rotor having a series of U-shaped low pres-' sure bucketstangentially disposed in the periphery thereof, said buckets circumscribing the outer partition Walls of a series of U- shaped high pressure buckets similarly disposed, the angle of said low pressure buckets from the periphery of the rotorbeing greater than the similar angle of the high' pressure buckets, [this larger bucket angle being for the purpose of absorbing as much of the velocity of the steam as possible prior toits'exhausting from the the lowpressure buckets, a quadrant shaped stator conform ing and being located adjacent to the periphery of said'rotorand having tangentially disposed in the face thereof, a diverging high pressure steam nozzle, a series of U- shaped'high pressure reversing buckets, a

buckets, and, aU-shaped low pressure steam nozzle located between said series of U shaped high and low-pressure reversing series of U-shaped low pressure reversing buckets, whereby the steam passing through said turbine is caused to flow in acyclonic peripheral course. andto be pressure velocity compounded during'its expansion.

FRANK DAVID BUTLER. 

